Classification of Organizational Development Interventions: An Exploratory Literature Review

Abstract

Organizations need contemporary strategies to deal with the "polycrisis" corporate environment. 
Organization Development (OD) interventions offer solutions to address current and future 
challenges. However, there is still "ambiguity" in OD interventions for students, academics, and 
business planners in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. The study aims to classify OD interventions based 
on the types of performances they demonstrate to remove the "ambiguity." We conducted an 
exploratory literature review study to explore the phenomenon. We classified OD interventions, 
with examples, into four different groups: structural, technological, behavioral, and strategic. The 
findings recommend value-producing corporate cultures because industries are moving towards 
"smart factories" and "smart units." Positive behavior, satisfaction, determination, and trust 
among employees are the main instruments to improve performance. The findings also suggest 
that OD courses be taught at the university level to improve students' "employability." The 
conclusions have significant implications for business students, academics, and business 
strategists in Pakistan and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.